Technologies

Software Engineering at Google - Chapter 2 - How to Work Well on Teams

Software Engineering at Google - Chapter 2 - How to Work Well on Teams

Translations: RU
We are continuing to study an interesting book about Google’s culture and practices: Chapter 2 covers: Working in isolation vs working in a team. Amount of time that you and your team spend communicating and in interpersonal conflict. How a small investment in understanding personalities and working styles of yourself and others can go a long way toward improving productivity. If you want to work effectively with a team or a large organization, be aware of your preferred working style and that of others.
Software Engineering at Google - Chapter 1 - What is Software Engineering

Software Engineering at Google - Chapter 1 - What is Software Engineering

Translations: RU
Our IT books club has started reading new book - about Software Engineering at Google - processes, culture, and tools that help Google create and maintain high-quality software. First chapter is about Software Engineering in general: What is Software Engineering vs Software Development/Programming? Three principles Google consider: Time and Change Scale and Growth Trade-offs and Costs How these three principles are applied to Software Engineering and how it is different from Software Development/Programming Interesting opening chapter of the book:
System Design Interview - Chapter 8 - Design a URL Shortener

System Design Interview - Chapter 8 - Design a URL Shortener

Translations: RU
The previous chapters have described the underlying technologies such as consistent hashing, ID generator, and now using these techniques we can develop a URL shortener that can generate 100 million URLs per day. Design consists of the following elements: API endpoints URL redirecting URL shortening Data model Hash functions: Hash + collision resolution vs Base-62 conversion Additional topics to consider: Rate limiter Web server scaling Database scaling Analytics Availability, consistency, and reliability These items are disclosed in a very interesting Chapter 8 of the book:
System Design Interview - Chapter 7 - Design a Unique ID Generator in Distributed Systems

System Design Interview - Chapter 7 - Design a Unique ID Generator in Distributed Systems

Translations: RU
Generating unique ID seems to be a simple task, but it is not in a high-load distributed systems! This topic consists of: Understanding the requirements and why it is a complicated task Possible solutions: Multi-master replication Universally unique identifier (UUID) Ticket server Twitter SNOWFLAKE approach (seems to be the best one!) Details: Timestamp Sequence number Other issues Clock synchronization Section length tuning High availability These items are disclosed in a very interesting Chapter 7 of the book:
System Design Interview - Chapter 6 - Design a Key-Value store

System Design Interview - Chapter 6 - Design a Key-Value store

Translations: RU
Key-Value stores are the most basic but widely used data storages. Design of key-value store consists of understanding the following topics: What do we want from key-value store? Single server key-value store DISTRIBUTED key-value store: CAP theorem Real-world trade-offs for distributed systems System components: Data partition Data replication Consistency Inconsistency resolution: Versioning Handling all types of failures: Failure detection, Handling TEMPORARY failures, Handling PERMANENT failures, Handling data center outage System architecture diagram Write path Read path These items are disclosed in a very interesting Chapter 6 of the book:
System Design Interview - Chapter 5 - Design Consistent Hashing

System Design Interview - Chapter 5 - Design Consistent Hashing

Translations: RU
Consistent Hashing is a cornerstone technology for distributed systems. Many of software developers don’t realize it, but Consistent Hashing is needed in many places: load balancers, caches, CDNs, id generators, databases, chats / social networks, and many other systems. This topic consists of: Problem with rehashing and why we need hashing to be CONSISTENT Hash space and hash ring BASIC approach (introduced by Karger et al. at MIT) Advanced approach with VIRTUAL NODES These items are disclosed in a very interesting Chapter 5 of the book:
System Design Interview - Chapter 4 - Design a Rate Limiter

System Design Interview - Chapter 4 - Design a Rate Limiter

Translations: RU
Every popular software should have a Rate Limiter. It prevents DDOS attack, reduces cost and prevents servers from being overloaded. There are some tricky questions to be considered during implementation of Rate Limiter: Where to put Rate Limiter: client-side, server-side, gateway? Algorithms for rate limiting. There are many algorithms with pros and cons: Token bucket, Leaking bucket, Fixed window counter, Sliding window log, Sliding window counter. Your business needs will define the right algorithm.
System Design Interview - Chapter 3 - A Framework for System Design Interviews

System Design Interview - Chapter 3 - A Framework for System Design Interviews

Translations: RU
Four standard steps for system design interview. However, I would think about them wider: as about four initial steps to design the software. Step 1. Understand the problem and establish design scope Step 2. Propose high-level design and get buy-in Step 3. Design deep dive Step 4. Wrap up The chapter 3 of the book discovers details about each step, good questions to ask (to think about), DO’s and DONT’s.
System Design Interview - Chapter 2 - Back-to-the-envelope estimation

System Design Interview - Chapter 2 - Back-to-the-envelope estimation

Translations: RU
A very short Chapter 2 is about how to make rough estimates to start from the most important parts when designing the software. Some concepts that EVERY software developer should know: “Power of two” Standard latency numbers! How fast is memory, how slow is disk, etc… Availability numbers What are key metrics you should think about These concepts and numbers are disclosed in chapter two of the book:
System Design Interview - Chapter 1 - Scale from zero to millions of users

System Design Interview - Chapter 1 - Scale from zero to millions of users

Translations: RU
A great generic plan for scaling any app from zero to millions of users. Single server setup Selection and usage of database Vertical scaling vs horizontal scaling approaches. And why you should prefer horizontal Adding load balancer for horizontal scaling Adding database replication for horizontal scaling Adding cache Adding CDN Stateless vs Stateful architecture and using external state storage Adding extra Data Centers Adding Message queue Adding Logging, Metrics, and Automation Scaling database (sharding) and futher steps… All of these is carefully but briefly disclosed in the Chapter 1 of the book: